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Pulmonary Function Tests

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

Modern assessment of pulmonary function in divers cannot rely on old reference values.

Thijs T Wingelaar^1,2,3, Paul Clarijs¹, Pieter-Jan Am van Ooij¹

¹Royal Netherlands Navy Diving Medical Centre, Den Helder, The Netherlands.

Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine

|March 21, 2018

Summary

Standardizing pulmonary function testing (PFT) for divers using the Global Lung Initiative (GLI)-2012 reference set enhances accuracy. This approach may prevent unnecessary medical tests and improve fitness-to-dive assessments.

Keywords:

Fitness to dive Flowchart Global lung initiative Lung function Military diving Standards

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Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

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Published on: November 4, 2015

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Published on: June 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Diagnostic Strategies and Biomarker Development for Comprehensive Lung Function Analysis

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Published on: August 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Pulmonary medicine
Diving physiology
Medical diagnostics

Background:

Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is crucial for dive medical examinations.
Current PFT assessments use varying reference sets and cut-off points.
Debate exists regarding the accuracy of reference values across diverse demographics.

Observation:

The Global Lung Initiative (GLI)-2012 provides an all-age reference set accounting for sex and ethnicity.
An algorithm is proposed to standardize PFT analysis for divers using GLI-2012.
Case reports illustrate PFT analysis differences between ECSC/ERS-1993 and GLI-2012.

Findings:

Utilizing a validated reference database like GLI-2012 improves PFT accuracy.
Standardized PFT analysis can potentially reduce further medical investigations.
Preliminary results suggest the proposed algorithm is promising for dive fitness assessments.

Implications:

Accurate PFT analysis is vital for correct fitness-to-dive decisions.
Adoption of updated reference sets like GLI-2012 is recommended for dive medical physicians.
Further evaluation of the proposed algorithm is needed to confirm its validity and utility.