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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Rapid Isolation of Human Breast Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Published on: November 14, 2025
Vitamin A content in mature breast milk and its adequacy to the nutritional recommendations for infants
Natalia Matamoros1, Silvana Visentin1, Guillermina Ferrari1
1Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas "Prof. Dr. Fernando E. Viteri" (IDIP), Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, Ministerio de Salud/Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.
Objective:
To determine vitamin A content in breast milk and evaluate whether it satisfies the recommendations for infants.
Material And Methods:
Observational, prospective, cross sectional study. Milk samples were obtained between 30 and 90 days postpartum from mothers seen in public hospitals, and analyzed. Vitamin A concentration was determined by chromatography and its adequacy to the recommended dietary intake. The correlation between outcome measures was analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.
Results:
A total of 79 mothers participated. Vitamin A concentration in milk samples was 1.80 umol/L (1.36-2.30) and the mean breastfeeding time was 57 days. No significant correlation between breastfeeding days and vitamin A content was observed. In 50% of the samples, vitamin A content did not satisfy the recommendations for infants.
Conclusion:
Vitamin A content was not enough to satisfy the recommendations in half of the cases.
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