Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

What is the Immune System?

What is the Immune System?

Electrical Current

Electrical Current

Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).

Humoral Immune Responses

Humoral Immune Responses

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation

Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...

Current Density

Current Density

The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...

Eddy Currents

Eddy Currents

Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Risk of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals After the Pandemic Emergency.

Obstetrics and gynecology·2026

Same author

Immunological insights into why pertussis continues to be endemic.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics·2026

Same author

Effectiveness of maternal COVID-19 vaccination varies by gestational timing: results from a claims-based cohort study, 2020-2022.

Research square·2026

Same author

COVID-19 in pediatrics in Latin America: six years later.

Expert review of vaccines·2026

Same author

Yellow Fever in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of the Clinical Implications and Vaccination in the Context of the 2024-2026 Americas Outbreak.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease·2026

Same author

The Ongoing Challenge of Pertussis in Eastern and Northern Europe: Recommendations from the Global Pertussis Initiative.

Infectious diseases and therapy·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

Published on: July 31, 2021

Current Challenges and Achievements in Maternal Immunization Research.

Flor M Munoz^1,2

¹Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology

|March 22, 2018

Summary

Maternal immunization offers a powerful strategy to protect mothers and infants from serious diseases. Ongoing research and advancements are making vaccines for pregnant women a reality for global health improvement.

Keywords:

ethics inclusion maternal immunization pregnancy regulatory research vaccination

More Related Videos

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Published on: March 25, 2016

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Published on: December 21, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

Published on: July 31, 2021

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C

Published on: March 25, 2016

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Published on: December 21, 2021

Area of Science:

Immunology
Public Health
Vaccinology

Background:

Maternal immunization can significantly reduce maternal and infant illness and death.
Pathogens pose risks during pregnancy and early life, with limited alternative prevention methods.
Research is actively progressing with global support to develop vaccines for pregnant women.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current challenges and achievements in maternal immunization research.
To highlight recent milestones advancing the field of maternal vaccines.
To assess the prospects of maternal immunization as a global health strategy.

Main Methods:

Literature review of ongoing research in maternal immunization.
Analysis of recent advancements and milestones in vaccine development for pregnant women.
Evaluation of the feasibility and accessibility of maternal immunization strategies.

Main Results:

Substantial progress has been made in maternal immunization research.
New vaccines for pregnant women to protect infants are becoming achievable.
Maternal immunization is advancing as a viable public health intervention.

Conclusions:

Maternal immunization holds significant potential for improving global maternal and child health.
Continued research and development are crucial for expanding access to maternal vaccines.
Making maternal immunization a feasible and accessible strategy is key to its global impact.