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Frontolimbic Morphometric Abnormalities in Intermittent Explosive Disorder and Aggression.

Emil F Coccaro1, Daniel A Fitzgerald2, Royce Lee1

  • 1Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|March 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with intermittent explosive disorder (IED) show reduced gray matter volume in key brain areas linked to aggression regulation. This neuroanatomical difference may explain social-emotional processing deficits in IED patients.

Keywords:
AggressionAmygdalaAnterior cingulate cortexInsulaIntermittent explosive disorderMedial prefrontal cortexOrbitofrontal cortexUncusVoxel-based morphometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Impulsive aggression, central to Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED), is associated with frontolimbic brain structures.
  • Previous neuroimaging studies suggest functional roles, but no volumetric studies on IED exist.
  • This study investigates gray matter volume differences in frontolimbic regions in IED patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis of reduced gray matter volume in frontolimbic brain structures in subjects with IED compared to controls.
  • To identify specific brain regions affected by gray matter reduction in IED.
  • To explore the relationship between gray matter volume and aggression levels.

Main Methods:

  • 168 subjects underwent high-resolution MRI scans.
  • Voxel-based morphometry using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8) analyzed imaging data.
  • Comparison groups included healthy controls and psychiatric controls.

Main Results:

  • Subjects with IED exhibited significantly lower gray matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, insula, and uncus compared to controls.
  • These volumetric reductions were independent of confounding factors and comorbidities.
  • Reduced gray matter volume in these regions showed a significant inverse correlation with aggression measures.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced gray matter volume in frontolimbic structures may represent a neurobiological characteristic of impulsively aggressive individuals with IED.
  • These findings suggest an anatomical basis for functional deficits in social-emotional information processing in IED.
  • The study highlights potential structural correlates of IED, informing future research and treatment strategies.