[Management of obesity-associated dyslipidemia : an approach based on food choices]

Obesity is associated with elevated levels of triglycerides, sometimes LDL-cholesterol, and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol. Management should first focus on dietary advices and increased physical activity, while lipid-lowering drugs are indicated only in patients at intermediate or high cardiovascular risk. We summarize nutritional recommendations from scientific societies: although they do not always overlap, they agree on lowering consumption of dietary fat (20-35 % of total energy intake) and favoring non-saturated fatty acids. Physicians must review the intake of carbohydrates as well, by limiting added sugars and increasing dietary fibers (vegetables, wholegrain cereals, legumes and nuts). Multidisciplinary management shared between physicians and trained dieticians improves long-term healthy lifestyle.