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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
Published on: March 3, 2023
House dust mite sublingual immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis
Sung-Woo Cho1, Doo Hee Han2, Jeong-Whun Kim1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
Abstract:
Allergen immunotherapy has been shown to be effective in treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is generally recommended for treating seasonal AR in adults and children; however, questions remain in regard to AR treatment in relation to house dust mite (HDM). Due to heterogeneous formulations, different outcome reporting systems, and the lack of a standardized dose, HDM SLITs have not been standardized in published studies. Nevertheless, studies continuously report positive effects of HDM SLIT in AR, and HDM SLIT remains a treatment option for patients with HDM-induced allergic asthma that frequently co-exists with AR. Therefore, it is likely that HDM SLIT usage will increase. This review will focus on HDM SLIT in AR exclusively.
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Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

