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Genetic diversity, inbreeding and cancer
Beata Ujvari1,2, Marcel Klaassen1, Nynke Raven1
1Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|March 23, 2018
Summary
Low genetic diversity and inbreeding increase cancer risk in humans and animals. This loss of genetic diversity impacts abnormal cell growth and immune evasion, posing a threat to endangered species and requiring further research.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Cancer Biology
- Conservation Biology
Background:
- Genetic diversity is crucial for species' adaptation and survival.
- A link exists between genetic diversity and resistance to parasites/pathogens.
- The impact of inbreeding on non-communicable diseases like cancer is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the association between reduced genetic diversity, inbreeding, and cancer risk.
- To highlight the potential role of genetic diversity loss in cancer development.
- To underscore the implications for wildlife conservation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on genetic diversity, inbreeding, and cancer.
- Analysis of direct and indirect mechanisms linking genetic diversity to cancer.
- Examination of data from human and animal studies.
Main Results:
- Low genetic diversity and inbreeding are associated with increased cancer risk in both humans and animals.
- Loss of genetic diversity can promote cancer via oncogenic mutations and pathogen susceptibility.
- Reduced genetic diversity may threaten endangered species by increasing cancer prevalence.
Conclusions:
- Inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity contribute to cancer development through multiple pathways.
- The link between genetic diversity and cancer has significant implications for wildlife conservation.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the complex interactions between genetic diversity, inbreeding, and cancer, especially in human studies.
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