Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.7K

Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in a district in South India: A prospective cohort study

Ashish A Ahuja1, Yerahaia C V Reddy2, Olukorede O Adenuga1,3

  • 1Retina Department, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, India.

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology
|March 23, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is high in South India, strongly linked to low birth weight (LBW). While severe ROP cases were fewer, continued neonatal care is vital to prevent childhood blindness.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
  • Understanding ROP incidence and risk factors in specific regions is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence, severity, and associated risk factors of ROP in a South Indian district.
  • To identify predictors of ROP in a vulnerable infant population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted in five Neonatal Intensive Care Units.
  • Infants with gestational age ≤36 weeks and birth weight ≤1900 g were enrolled.
  • Risk factors were assessed, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify ROP predictors.

Main Results:

  • 325 infants were screened; ROP was identified in 32.6% of babies (106 infants).
  • Severe ROP (stage ≥3) occurred in 13.2% of affected infants (14 babies).
  • Low birth weight (LBW) was the sole significant risk factor for ROP on multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a high incidence of ROP, strongly associated with LBW in this South Indian population.
  • A relatively low incidence of severe ROP was observed, suggesting the effectiveness of current neonatal care.
  • Continued efforts in preterm birth prevention and sustained neonatal care are recommended to reduce ROP and childhood blindness.
Abstract

Keywords:
Gestational agelow birth weightretinopathy of prematurity

More Related Videos

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.8K
In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors08:50

In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors

Published on: July 16, 2018

8.7K

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.8K
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
1
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
2.2K
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.9K
Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
37.3K
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
14.1K