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Small-Sized Thyroid Cancers-a Single Institutional Experience in India
U S Vishal Rao1, Shrinidhi Koya2, Sowjanya Gandla1
1Department of Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Ltd., Bangalore, India.
Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|March 23, 2018
Summary
Small differentiated thyroid carcinomas (<2 cm) show aggressive behaviors similar to larger tumors, including increased nodal metastasis. These small thyroid cancers require cautious management due to unpredictable prognostic factors.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- The incidence of small differentiated thyroid carcinomas is rising globally.
- Tumors less than 2 cm in diameter are increasingly diagnosed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the behavior of small (<2 cm) versus large thyroid carcinomas.
- To analyze patterns of aggression in small thyroid tumors.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 113 thyroid carcinoma patient records.
- Evaluation of age, sex, metastasis, tumor diameter, extrathyroidal extension, and lymphovascular invasion.
Main Results:
- 28% of analyzed thyroid carcinomas were small (<2 cm).
- Small tumors exhibited significant extrathyroidal extension (21.6%) and lymphovascular emboli (20%).
- Nodal metastasis was higher in small tumors (51.2%) compared to large ones (40%).
Conclusions:
- Small thyroid carcinomas (<2 cm) can exhibit aggressive behavior comparable to larger tumors.
- These small tumors present with concerning features like nodal metastasis and extrathyroidal extension.
- Cautious management and further research into predicting poor prognostic factors for small thyroid cancers are warranted.
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