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Quantity Discrimination in Trained Lizards (Podarcis sicula).

Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini1, Cristiano Bertolucci2, Augusto Foà2

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Frontiers in Psychology
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Summary

Ruin lizards show surprising quantitative skills when trained to distinguish sets of items by number, but struggle with area discrimination. This contrasts with previous findings, suggesting potential limits in their numerical cognition.

Keywords:
Podarcis siculalizardquantity discriminationreptile cognitiontraining procedure

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative psychology
  • Animal cognition
  • Behavioral ecology

Background:

  • Quantitative abilities are observed across diverse animal species.
  • Two primary methods for assessing these abilities are spontaneous choice tests and training procedures.
  • Previous research indicated ruin lizards could discriminate item size but not quantity in discrete sets spontaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantitative abilities in ruin lizards using a training procedure.
  • To compare their performance in discriminating sets based on number versus area.
  • To explore potential limitations in lizard numerical cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Ruin lizards were trained to discriminate between sets of yellow disks.
  • Discrimination tasks involved varying set sizes (e.g., 1 vs. 4, 2 vs. 4, 2 vs. 3).
  • Experiments focused on discriminating sets differing in item number (Experiment 1) or total area (Experiment 2).

Main Results:

  • Lizards demonstrated higher accuracy when discriminating sets based on the number of items.
  • Performance was less accurate when discriminating sets based on area.
  • These findings contrast with previous observations from spontaneous choice tests.

Conclusions:

  • The training procedure revealed that ruin lizards are better at distinguishing quantities than areas in discrete sets.
  • The observed difficulties might indicate genuine limitations in the quantitative abilities of ruin lizards.
  • Further research is needed to rule out other influencing factors on lizard performance.