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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast DIC Microscopy
Published on: August 6, 2008
Improved contrast microscopy: modification of bright field for urine sediment visualisation
1Department of Hematology, Apollo Hospitals, 21, Off Greams Road, Greams Lane, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India, Phone: 9360545940.
Background:
Phase contrast microscopy is the recommended technique for urine sediment examination. Bright field microscopy does not differentiate objects with slight changes in the refractive index and hence phase contrast is a superior alternative.
Methods:
In this article, we describe a novel method to improve contrast in bright field microscopy. A strategically placed disc of specific dimensions enhances the diffraction of rays by Fresnel principle causing a shift in wavelength in the rays which are perceived as differences in contrast by the eye due to constructive and destructive interference.
Results:
Epithelial cells, red blood cells (RBCs), dysmorphic red blood cells, casts, bacteria and crystals are easily seen and differentiated by this technique.
Conclusions:
The images obtained are similar to those obtained by phase contrast microscopy.
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