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Related Concept Videos

Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

25.4K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
25.4K
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

43.3K
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
43.3K
Formal Charges02:42

Formal Charges

40.7K
In some cases, there are seemingly more than one valid Lewis structures for molecules and polyatomic ions. The concept of formal charges can be used to help predict the most appropriate Lewis structure when more than one reasonable structure exists.
40.7K
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base01:08

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base

5.0K
Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
5.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

31.0K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
31.0K
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

49.4K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
49.4K

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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles

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Weak polyelectrolyte complexation driven by associative charging.

Vikramjit S Rathee1, Aristotle J Zervoudakis1, Hythem Sidky1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|March 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Weak polyelectrolytes exhibit cooperative charging and complexation, especially at low salt concentrations. This finding aids in designing "smart" drug delivery systems by predicting complex dissociation points.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Weak polyelectrolytes are dynamic materials used in chemical separations and drug delivery.
  • Their charging behavior and conformations change with environmental conditions.
  • A comprehensive understanding of polymer-polymer interactions affecting charging is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between weak polyelectrolyte charging and complexation.
  • To model interactions between oppositely charging polymer chains.
  • To determine the influence of salt concentration and charging tendency on cooperativity.

Main Methods:

  • Coupled molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations.
  • Modeling two equal-length, oppositely charging polymer chains.
  • Using Debye-Hückel interactions for an implicit salt solution.

Main Results:

  • Strong cooperativity in charging and complexation observed at high Debye lengths (low salt concentrations).
  • Chains act independently at low Debye lengths (high salt concentrations).
  • A highly charged chain promotes partner chain charging at long electrostatic coupling ranges, lowering system potential energy.

Conclusions:

  • Discovered cooperative charging phenomenon in weak polyelectrolyte complexes.
  • Cooperation is dependent on electrostatic coupling range and salt concentration.
  • Findings are crucial for developing predictable "smart" drug delivery mechanisms.