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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Electromotive Force02:36

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Electricity is generated by either electrons or ions flowing through a solution or a conducting medium. This flow of electrons or specifically electrical charge is defined as an electric current. When electrons move through a wire, they generate an electric current. It can be recalled  that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained. In the spontaneous redox reaction of zinc  with copper, when zinc is immersed in a copper ion solution, a transfer of electrons from one substance to...
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Direct Force Measurements of Subcellular Mechanics in Confinement using Optical Tweezers
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Mechanical forces in skin disorders.

Chao-Kai Hsu1, Hsi-Hui Lin2, Hans I-Chen Harn3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Journal of Dermatological Science
|March 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical forces significantly impact skin health, influencing conditions from epidermolysis bullosa to hair loss. Modulating these forces or mechanotransduction signals offers novel therapeutic strategies for skin diseases and regeneration.

Keywords:
AlopeciaEpidermolysis bullosa simplexKeloidMechanical forcesMechanobiologyRegeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Skin homeostasis and disease pathogenesis are regulated by mechanical forces.
  • Epidermal integrity relies on cell junctions; defects cause blistering (e.g., epidermolysis bullosa simplex).
  • Dermal extracellular matrix, primarily collagen, provides tensile strength, and its dysregulation contributes to scarring (e.g., keloids).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of mechanical forces and mechanotransduction in skin physiology and pathology.
  • To investigate the impact of mechanical environment stiffness on skin wound healing and regeneration.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets by understanding mechanobiology in skin diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mechanobiology in skin.
  • Analysis of correlations between mechanical stress and specific skin conditions.
  • Examination of mechanotransduction pathways in skin development and disease.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical forces influence epidermal structure, dermal composition, and hair follicle development.
  • Skin stiffness is a critical factor in wound healing and regenerative capacity.
  • Conditions like androgenetic alopecia, acral melanoma, and certain skin cancers are linked to mechanical stress and altered tissue properties.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical forces are integral to skin health and disease.
  • Targeting mechanotransduction pathways presents a promising avenue for treating skin disorders and enhancing skin regeneration.
  • Understanding skin mechanobiology is crucial for developing innovative dermatological therapies.