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Interaction between striatal volume and DAT1 polymorphism predicts working memory development during adolescence.

F Nemmi1, C Nymberg1, F Darki1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
|March 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in working memory (WM) development are linked to dopamine genes and brain structure. A larger putamen and specific DAT1 gene variations in 14-year-olds predicted greater WM improvement by age 19.

Keywords:
DAT-1DevelopmentDopamineStriatumWorking memoryrs40184

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Inter-individual variability in working memory (WM) development is significant but poorly understood.
  • Dopamine-related genes and striatal structures are implicated in WM capacity and training-induced plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural and genetic factors underlying individual differences in the rate of WM development from adolescence to young adulthood.
  • To test if dopamine gene polymorphisms and striatal morphology predict WM development trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 487 healthy individuals, assessing WM performance at ages 14 and 19.
  • Structural MRI scans at age 14 to measure striatal morphology (putamen size).
  • Genotyping of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in dopamine-related genes (DRD2, DAT-1, COMT).

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction was found between putamen size and the DAT1/SLC6A3 rs40184 polymorphism.
  • TC heterozygotes with a larger putamen at age 14 exhibited greater WM improvement by age 19.
  • The influence of the DAT1 polymorphism on WM development was modulated by striatal morphology.

Conclusions:

  • WM development shares neuro-physiological mechanisms with training-induced plasticity.
  • Striatal morphology and specific dopamine gene variants interact to influence individual differences in WM development.
  • These findings provide insights into the biological underpinnings of cognitive development trajectories.