Mucosal Melanoma: a Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Cancer Research

Background:

• Mucosal melanoma is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis.
• Existing literature primarily consists of case reports and series.
• A comprehensive review of recent advancements is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To consolidate knowledge on mucosal melanoma from the past decade.
• To review site-specific clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognosis.
• To assess the impact of emerging therapies.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of studies published in the last 10 years.
• Analysis of clinical features, treatment outcomes, and survival data.
• Evaluation of immunotherapy and radiotherapy efficacy.

Main Results:

• Head and neck mucosal melanomas are most common.
• Wide excision surgery is the primary treatment; adjuvant therapy's role is unclear.
• Radiotherapy improves local control; immunotherapy is under investigation.
• Five-year survival rates range from 0-45%, with potential improvement from immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

• Mucosal melanoma management requires a multidisciplinary approach.
• Immunotherapy offers a promising avenue for improving patient outcomes.
• Further research is crucial to elucidate etiology and optimize treatment strategies.