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Carbon chain shape selectivity by the mouse olfactory receptor OR-I7.

Min Ting Liu1, Jianghai Ho2, Jason Karl Liu3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA. kryan@ccny.cuny.edu and Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.

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Summary

Mouse olfactory receptor OR-I7 binds short aldehydes. Structural analysis reveals OR-I7 prefers unbranched chains, but accommodates ring systems and some branching for optimal binding.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The rodent OR-I7 is an olfactory receptor known to be activated by specific aliphatic aldehydes.
  • Shorter aliphatic aldehydes act as antagonists by binding OR-I7 without triggering activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural requirements for the binding of short aliphatic ligands to the OR-I7 receptor.
  • To understand how ligand structure influences antagonist activity at OR-I7.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized recombinant mouse OR-I7 expressed in heterologous cells.
  • Synthesized and tested a series of novel aldehyde antagonists.
  • Employed a rhodopsin-based homology model for molecular docking simulations.

Main Results:

  • OR-I7 shows a preference for unbranched aliphatic chains in short aldehyde antagonists.
  • A single methyl branch at carbon-3 is tolerated.
  • Conformationally constrained ring systems, like adamantyl and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, are accommodated, even with significant carbon numbers.
  • Molecular modeling suggests steric hindrance from small alkyl branches interferes with binding site interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The binding site of OR-I7 has specific structural preferences for short aliphatic ligands.
  • Ligand branching can be accommodated if incorporated into rigid ring structures, overcoming steric limitations.
  • Understanding these structural requirements provides insights into olfactory receptor ligand recognition mechanisms.