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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
Published on: May 3, 2011
Imaging Optical Frequencies with 100 μHz Precision and 1.1 μm Resolution
G Edward Marti1,2, Ross B Hutson1,2, Akihisa Goban1,2
1JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Abstract:
We implement imaging spectroscopy of the optical clock transition of lattice-trapped degenerate fermionic Sr in the Mott-insulating regime, combining micron spatial resolution with submillihertz spectral precision. We use these tools to demonstrate atomic coherence for up to 15 s on the clock transition and reach a record frequency precision of 2.5×10^{-19}. We perform the most rapid evaluation of trapping light shifts and record a 150 mHz linewidth, the narrowest Rabi line shape observed on a coherent optical transition. The important emerging capability of combining high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy will improve the clock precision, and provide a path towards measuring many-body interactions and testing fundamental physics.
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