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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
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Sensitive Leptospira DNA detection using tapered optical fiber sensor.

Nurul H Zainuddin1,2, Hui Y Chee3, Muhammad Z Ahmad4

  • 1Department of Computer and Communication Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Journal of Biophotonics
|March 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel tapered optical fiber sensor for detecting Leptospira DNA. The sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for early Leptospirosis diagnosis.

Keywords:
DNA biosensorLeptospira bacteriafemtomolar concentrationsinfrared detectionleptospirosis diseasetapered optical fiberwavelength shift

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optoelectronics
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Leptospirosis is a severe disease caused by Leptospira bacteria, presenting with flu-like symptoms.
  • Accurate and rapid detection of Leptospira DNA is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive and specific tapered optical fiber sensor for detecting Leptospira DNA.
  • To functionalize and characterize the optical fiber sensor for DNA hybridization.

Main Methods:

  • Tapering a single-mode optical fiber to a 12 μm waist diameter.
  • Functionalizing the tapered region with chemical agents and immobilizing probe DNA.
  • Hybridizing the probe DNA with complementary DNA (cDNA) and measuring transmission spectra shifts.

Main Results:

  • A linear relationship was observed between wavelength shift and cDNA concentration (0.1–1.0 nM).
  • The sensor achieved a sensitivity of 1.2862 nm/nM and a detection limit as low as 0.1 fM.
  • High specificity was demonstrated by distinguishing Leptospira DNA from Clostridium difficile DNA.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tapered optical fiber sensor is a promising tool for sensitive and specific detection of Leptospira DNA.
  • This technology could enable early diagnosis of Leptospirosis, improving patient outcomes.