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Postmortem interval estimation using the animal model of postmortem gas volume changes.

Chika Iwamoto1, Kenoki Ohuchida2, Miki Okumura3

  • 1Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estimating the postmortem interval is crucial in forensic science. This study shows that body gas volume, particularly in the portal vein and intestines, increases over time after death, offering a new imaging-based method for forensic analysis.

Keywords:
Autopsy imagingIntestinal gasMicro-CTPortal venous gasPostmortem intervalSegmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic pathology
  • Medical imaging
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Accurate estimation of the postmortem interval is essential in forensic investigations.
  • Current methods often rely on internal examination, which can face challenges like family refusal and limited forensic expertise.
  • There is a need for non-invasive methods, such as autopsy imaging, to estimate the postmortem interval.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of using changes in body gas volume as an indicator for estimating the postmortem interval.
  • To evaluate the time-dependent changes in gas volume within the body using X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging.
  • To explore the feasibility of using 3D imaging reconstruction for quantifying gas volume in forensic analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Euthanized rats (n=3) underwent time-dependent X-ray CT imaging for up to 168 hours (7 days) post-euthanasia.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) images of gas were reconstructed using Amira software to calculate gas volume.
  • Gas volumes in the portal venous system and intestines were specifically measured and analyzed over time.

Main Results:

  • Body gas volume demonstrated a clear time-dependent increase following death.
  • Both portal venous gas and intestinal gas volumes increased significantly with the postmortem interval.
  • Portal venous gas volume showed exponential growth, while intestinal gas volume exhibited linear growth over time.

Conclusions:

  • Postmortem changes in body gas volume, particularly in the portal vein and intestines, can serve as reliable indicators for estimating the postmortem interval.
  • Combining gas volume measurements from multiple body sites could enhance the accuracy of postmortem interval estimation.
  • Autopsy imaging offers a promising, non-invasive alternative or adjunct to traditional internal examination methods for determining the time since death.