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Cost effective and practically viable oil spillage mitigation: Comprehensive study with biochar.

Ramesh Kandanelli1, Lavanya Meesala1, Jatin Kumar1

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|March 25, 2018
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This study explores biochar derived from rice husk and sawdust for oil spill cleanup. The biochar effectively absorbed crude oil from water, showing promise for environmental remediation.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Biochar, a carbonaceous material from biomass pyrolysis, is traditionally used for soil remediation.
  • Emerging research highlights biochar's potential in adsorption applications, including environmental cleanup.
  • Oil spills pose significant environmental threats, necessitating effective mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of biochar produced from rice husk and sawdust as sorbents for oil spill mitigation.
  • To characterize biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures and rates to understand their structural properties.
  • To evaluate the selective absorption capacity of biochars for crude oil from oil/water mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Biochar production via pyrolysis of rice husk and sawdust at 450°C and 550°C, using fast and slow heating rates.
  • Comprehensive characterization of biochar properties using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 13C Cross-Polarization Magic Angle Spinning (CPMAS) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Raman Spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
  • Performance testing of biochars as sorbents in simulated oil spill scenarios to assess crude oil absorption capacities from biphasic mixtures.

Main Results:

  • Detailed structural and compositional analysis confirmed the extent of pyrolysis and material properties of the produced biochars.
  • The synthesized biochars demonstrated selective absorption of crude oil from oil/water mixtures.
  • Varying capacities for crude oil absorption were observed, indicating a dependence on biochar properties influenced by feedstock and pyrolysis conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Biochar produced from rice husk and sawdust shows significant potential as an effective sorbent material for oil spill mitigation.
  • The study provides a foundation for optimizing biochar production parameters for enhanced oil spill cleanup performance.
  • Further research into the application of tailored biochars can contribute to developing sustainable solutions for environmental pollution control.