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Immunogenicity of PtpA secreted during Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle

Eviatar Bach1, Eran A Raizman2, Rich Vanderwal3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
|March 25, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA) can detect Johne's disease early. This PtpA-based test identifies infected cows before symptoms appear, aiding in disease management.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Bacteriology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease in cattle.
  • MAP employs secreted proteins to evade host immune responses within macrophages.
  • Tyrosine phosphatase A (PtpA) is crucial for MAP survival in host cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune response to PtpA in MAP-infected cattle.
  • To evaluate PtpA as a potential diagnostic antigen for Johne's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies.
  • Sera from approximately 1000 MAP-infected cows and control animals were analyzed.
  • Recombinant PtpA served as the antigen in the immunoassay.

Main Results:

  • MAP-infected cows exhibited significantly higher antibody levels against PtpA compared to uninfected controls.
  • Antibody detection indicates a robust immune response to PtpA in infected animals.

Conclusions:

  • Antibodies against PtpA are a sensitive biomarker for early detection of MAP infection.
  • PtpA can be developed into an early diagnostic test for Johne's disease.
  • PtpA is a promising candidate antigen for assessing humoral immunity against MAP.
Keywords:
DiagnosticELISAJohne’s diseaseMycobacterum avium ssp. paratuberculosisSignal transductionTyrosine phosphatase

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