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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Published on: July 19, 2019
Imaging intralesional heterogeneity of sodium concentration in multiple sclerosis: Initial evidence from 23Na-MRI
James T Grist1, Frank Riemer1, Mary A McLean2
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Abstract:
Sodium MRI (23Na-MRI) has been used to non-invasively quantify tissue sodium but has been limited by low spatial resolution. Here we demonstrate for the first time that high resolution 23Na-MRI reveals the spatial heterogeneity of sodium concentration within a multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion. A patient with treatment-naïve relapsing-remitting MS and a ring-enhancing lesion was imaged using 23Na-MRI. The periphery of the lesion demonstrated an elevated total sodium content compared to the normal appearing white and grey matter (p<0.01), as well as a heterogeneous distribution of both the total tissue sodium concentration and the intracellular-weighted sodium concentration.
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