Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Recent Advances and Future Directions in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction
Niamh O'Halloran1, Shirley Potter1, Michael Kerin1
1Discipline of Surgery, The Lambe Institute, National University of Ireland of Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland.
Abstract:
Postmastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) has evolved dramatically since it was first described by Vincent Czerny in 1895. The increasing numbers of mastectomy procedures and improved patient survival have placed an increasing emphasis on the aesthetic and psychosocial outcomes, prompting surgeons to develop more sophisticated methods to reconstruct the breast mound. Significant improvements have been made to existing implant and autologous methods of PMBR in recent decades in an effort to reduce donor site morbidity and complication rates and improve cosmesis. The limitations of contemporary methods of PMBR have directed research toward more novel techniques such as autologous fat grafting and adipose tissue engineering. The present review discusses recent advances in the evolution of contemporary approaches to breast reconstruction and the future directions of PMBR using adipose tissue engineering strategies.
Related Concept Videos
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
Extraction: Advanced Methods
Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation
Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups
Directing Effect of Substituents: ortho–para-Directing Groups
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...

