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Associations of neonatal adiponectin and leptin with growth and body composition in African American infants

C R Schneider1, P M Catalano2,3, J R Biggio4

  • 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Pediatric Obesity
|March 25, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cord blood adiponectin may predict fat mass changes in infants. Higher adiponectin at birth was linked to more fat mass early on, but slower gain later, suggesting a potential marker for infant obesity risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Research
  • Obesity Etiology

Background:

  • Cord blood adiponectin and leptin correlate with birth weight and adiposity.
  • Infant growth patterns influence future obesity risk.
  • Predictive biomarkers for infant body composition changes are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if cord blood adiponectin and leptin predict neonatal adiposity.
  • To assess if these biomarkers predict fat mass accrual up to 3 months of age.

Main Methods:

  • 36 healthy African American infants were studied.
  • Cord blood samples analyzed for adiponectin and leptin.
  • Infant body composition assessed at 2 weeks and 3 months using air displacement plethysmography.

Main Results:

  • Adiponectin positively correlated with fat mass at 2 weeks (r=0.45, P<0.01).
  • Adiponectin showed an inverse association with conditional fat mass change from 2 weeks to 3 months (r=-0.38, P<0.05).
  • Leptin did not show significant associations with infant body composition.

Conclusions:

  • Cord blood adiponectin may serve as a marker for fat mass accrual in African American infants.
  • This finding is significant given the high long-term obesity risk in this population.
  • Further mechanistic studies are required to understand adiponectin's role in infant growth.
Abstract

Keywords:
Adiponectinbody compositioncord bloodleptinpostnatal growth

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