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Related Concept Videos

Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
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Increasing Function01:18

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An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The...
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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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Platelets loaded with liposome-encapsulated thrombin have increased coagulability.

V Chan1, M Sarkari1, R Sunderland1

  • 1Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|March 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Liposomal thrombin delivered ex vivo enhances platelet function and coagulability, improving clot formation in vitro. This novel approach offers potential to overcome deficiencies in transfused platelets during severe hemorrhage.

Keywords:
blood transfusiondrug delivery systemshemorrhagenanomedicineplatelet activation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hematology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial for clot formation but transfusions have limited efficacy in severe hemorrhage.
  • Existing platelet-mimicking nanoparticles lack essential platelet functions.
  • Thrombin, a potent agonist, cannot be administered intravenously due to thrombosis risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the coagulability of transfusable platelets by delivering thrombin ex vivo.
  • To investigate the potential of liposomal encapsulation for targeted thrombin delivery to platelets.
  • To improve platelet efficacy in treating severe hemorrhage and coagulopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Thrombin was encapsulated into nanoliposomes and delivered to platelets ex vivo.
  • Platelet coagulability was assessed via activation, clot contraction, time, and stability assays.
  • Assays were conducted under compromised coagulation conditions (acidosis, antiplatelet drugs, hemophilia A, trauma-induced coagulopathy).

Main Results:

  • Liposomal thrombin was successfully endocytosed and utilized by platelets ex vivo.
  • Modified platelets exhibited increased sensitivity and responsiveness to agonists.
  • Enhanced platelet function improved clotting time, even in models of impaired coagulation.

Conclusions:

  • Ex vivo delivery of liposomal thrombin enhances multiple aspects of platelet function.
  • This method improves platelet coagulability and clot formation.
  • Liposomal thrombin-loaded platelets show promise for treating bleeding disorders and coagulopathy.