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Detailed Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Analysis in Infantile Spasms

Chellamani Harini1, Sonal Sharda2, Ann Marie Bergin1

  • 11 Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of Child Neurology
|March 27, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in infantile spasms reveals abnormalities in most patients, with distinct patterns in developmental and acquired cases. These MRI findings, however, did not correlate with clinical characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroradiology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Infantile spasms are a severe epilepsy syndrome in infants.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for optimal outcomes.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in identifying underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate initial MRI abnormalities in infantile spasms.
  • To correlate MRI findings with clinical characteristics.
  • To describe findings on repeat MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of infantile spasm patients.
  • Classification of abnormal MRI findings into developmental, acquired, and nonspecific subgroups.
  • Correlation of MRI findings with clinical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • 52 of 71 patients (73%) had abnormal MRIs.
  • Developmental and acquired subgroups showed cortical gray/white matter abnormalities.
  • The acquired subgroup had additional abnormalities in deep gray structures, brain stem, callosum, and volume loss.
  • Repeat MRI improved visualization of malformations.

Conclusions:

  • Structural infantile spasms show distinct MRI patterns in developmental versus acquired subgroups.
  • MRI abnormalities in infantile spasms did not correlate with clinical characteristics.
  • Repeat imaging aids in defining the extent of malformations.
Keywords:
abnormal MRIbasal gangliainfantile spasmsneuroimagingthalamus

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