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Magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: analysis of correlations to peripheral blood and spinal fluid

M R Farlow, M K Edwards, O J Kolar

    Neurology
    |September 1, 1987
    PubMed

    Insights

    Brain MRI and immune cell analysis reveal key differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with lesions. Increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IgG and plasma cells, plus elevated B cells in peripheral blood (PB), correlate with MRI abnormalities in MS.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Clinical Neurology
    • Biomarker Discovery

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
    • Understanding the interplay between central nervous system (CNS) lesions and peripheral immune responses is crucial for MS pathogenesis.
    • Current diagnostic and prognostic tools require further refinement to capture disease dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and specific immunological markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) of patients with suspected MS.
    • To identify potential biomarkers indicative of MS activity and disease progression.
    • To enhance the understanding of MS pathogenesis by linking neuroimaging data with immune cell profiles.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted MRI of the brain on 32 clinically suspected MS patients.
    • Analyzed T cell subsets and B cells in PB.
    • Examined CSF T cell subsets, IgG concentration, and the incidence of oligoclonal bands (OB).
    • Assessed plasma cell presence and characterized kappa light-chain positive B cells in PB.

    Main Results:

    • MS patients with MRI lesions exhibited significantly higher CSF IgG concentration and a greater incidence of plasma cells and OB compared to those without lesions.
    • A significant increase in the percentage of kappa light-chain positive B cells was observed in the PB of patients with abnormal MRI compared to controls.
    • These findings suggest a correlation between CNS inflammatory markers and peripheral immune cell alterations in MS.

    Conclusions:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IgG concentration, plasma cells, and oligoclonal bands (OB) are elevated in MS patients with MRI-detected brain lesions.
    • Peripheral blood (PB) B cell populations, specifically kappa light-chain positive cells, are altered in MS patients with abnormal brain MRI.
    • Integrating MRI and immunological studies offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis and disease dynamics of multiple sclerosis (MS).

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