Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Competition02:34

Competition

25.0K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
25.0K
Kinematic Equations - I01:26

Kinematic Equations - I

16.3K
When an object moves with constant acceleration, the velocity of the object changes at a constant rate throughout the motion. The kinematic equations of motions are derived for such cases where the acceleration of the object is constant. The first kinematic equation gives an insight into the relationship between velocity, acceleration, and time. We can see, for example:
16.3K
Kinematic Equations - II01:17

Kinematic Equations - II

14.8K
The second kinematic equation expresses the final position of an object in terms of its initial position, the distance traveled with the initial constant velocity, and the distance traveled due to a change in velocity. Similar to the first kinematic equation, this equation is also only valid when the acceleration is constant throughout the motion of an object.
Suppose a car merges into freeway traffic on a 200 m long ramp. If its initial velocity is 10 m/s and it accelerates at 2 m/s2, then the...
14.8K
Kinematic Equations for Rotation01:30

Kinematic Equations for Rotation

857
In mechanics, when one observes a rigid body in rotational motion with constant angular acceleration, it is possible to establish equations for its rotational kinematics. This process resembles how linear kinematics are dealt with in simpler motion studies.
For instance, imagine a point A on a rigid body engaged in circular motion. The translational velocity of this particular point can be calculated by taking the time derivatives of the displacement equation, which essentially measures the...
857
Kinematic Equations - III01:18

Kinematic Equations - III

11.6K
The first two kinematic equations have time as a variable, but the third kinematic equation is independent of time. This equation expresses final velocity as a function of the acceleration and distance over which it acts. The fourth kinematic equation does not have an acceleration term and provides the final position of the object at time t in terms of the initial and final velocities. This equation is useful when the value of the constant acceleration is unknown.
Using the kinematic equations,...
11.6K
Kinematic Equations: Problem Solving01:15

Kinematic Equations: Problem Solving

28.9K
When analyzing one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration, the problem-solving strategy involves identifying the known quantities and choosing the appropriate kinematic equations to solve for the unknowns. Either one or two kinematic equations are needed to solve for the unknowns, depending on the known and unknown quantities. Generally, the number of equations required is the same as the number of unknown quantities in the given example. Two-body pursuit problems always require two...
28.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Three-dimensional markerless pose estimation for anatomical landmarks of the shoulder and upper limb.

Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·2025
Same author

Implication of inter-joint coordination on the limb symmetry index measured during the seated single-arm horizontal push test.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2025
Same author

Influence of phase and dominance on ground reaction forces and upper extremity muscle activity during the modified-Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2025
Same author

The open Latarjet procedure does not affect scapulohumeral rhythm three months postoperatively.

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)·2024
Same author

Monitoring of sprint and change of direction velocity, vertical jump height, and repeated sprint ability in sub-elite female football players throughout their menstrual cycle.

Science & medicine in football·2024
Same author

Normative values for internal and external glenohumeral rotation strength in rugby players: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Shoulder & elbow·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

20.0K

Scapular kinematics during scaption in competitive swimmers.

Y Blache1, B Gillet1,2, J Selin1

  • 1a Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité - EA 7424, UFRSTAPS , Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne Cedex , France.

European Journal of Sport Science
|March 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Swimming practice leads to protracted shoulders and eliminates side-to-side differences in scapular upward rotation. Elite swimmers show increased internal rotation, indicating adaptation to training.

Keywords:
Skill-levelscapular dyskinesisshouldershoulder complex adaptationsswimming

More Related Videos

A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers
09:24

A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers

Published on: January 28, 2020

9.4K
Induction of Cellular Differentiation and Single Cell Imaging of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Swimmer and Swarmer Cells
08:38

Induction of Cellular Differentiation and Single Cell Imaging of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Swimmer and Swarmer Cells

Published on: May 15, 2017

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

20.0K
A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers
09:24

A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers

Published on: January 28, 2020

9.4K
Induction of Cellular Differentiation and Single Cell Imaging of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Swimmer and Swarmer Cells
08:38

Induction of Cellular Differentiation and Single Cell Imaging of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Swimmer and Swarmer Cells

Published on: May 15, 2017

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Scapular kinematics are crucial for efficient and pain-free overhead movements.
  • Swimming involves repetitive overhead motions, potentially leading to adaptations in shoulder mechanics.
  • Understanding scapular adaptations in swimmers is important for injury prevention and performance optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare scapular kinematics among different levels of swimmers and non-swimmers.
  • To investigate the effects of swimming practice on scapular asymmetries between dominant and non-dominant sides.
  • To analyze kinematic differences during arm raising and lowering in the scapular plane.

Main Methods:

  • Electromagnetic system used to assess bilateral scapular kinematics.
  • 42 healthy males divided into four groups: control, adolescent elite swimmers, adult elite swimmers, and club-level adult swimmers.
  • One-Way ANOVA SPM(t) with repeated measures analyzed kinematic data during arm elevation and depression.

Main Results:

  • Swimmers exhibited more protracted shoulders (30°-90° arm elevation) compared to controls.
  • Swimmers showed no bilateral differences in scapular upward rotation, unlike controls where the dominant side was more rotated.
  • Adult elite swimmers displayed increased scapular internal rotation during arm elevation and depression compared to other groups.

Conclusions:

  • Swimming practice induces shoulder protraction and reduces bilateral scapular asymmetries.
  • Elite-level swimming experience is associated with significant adaptations in scapular internal rotation.
  • These findings highlight the specific kinematic changes resulting from swimming training.