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Interlink between cholesterol & cell cycle in prostate carcinoma.

Govind Singh1, Shrimanjunath Sankanagoudar1, Premnath Dogra2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|March 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Prostate cancer cells show increased intracellular cholesterol and elevated expression of cholesterol transporters compared to benign cells. This suggests cholesterol plays a role in prostate cancer cell proliferation and the cell cycle process.

Keywords:
Cholesterol - cyclin E - low-density lipoprotein receptor - peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor - prostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Previous studies indicate low cholesterol in cancer patients and abundant lipid rafts in cancer cells.
  • This study investigates intracellular cholesterol turnover in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and carcinoma prostate (CAP) compared to normal prostate cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intracellular cholesterol turnover in BPH and CAP tissues with normal prostate tissue.
  • To evaluate the expression of key proteins involved in cholesterol transport and cell cycle regulation.

Main Methods:

  • ELISA for prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
  • Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy for low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), and cyclin E expression.
  • Spectrophotometric cholesterol estimation in isolated nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions.

Main Results:

  • Prostate cancer cells exhibited increased cytoplasmic and nuclear cholesterol with elevated LDLR expression.
  • Increased nuclear cholesterol correlated with higher PBR expression in tumor tissues.
  • Cell cycle protein cyclin E was significantly overexpressed in prostate cancer tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated intracellular cholesterol and PBR expression in prostate cancer suggest a role in cholesterol transport.
  • The findings, along with increased cyclin E, point to a potential role of cholesterol in prostate cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation.