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Updated: Feb 12, 2026
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MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
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Deficits in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow on Brain SPECT Predict Treatment Resistant Depression
Daniel G Amen1, Derek V Taylor1, Somayeh Meysami2
1Amen Clinics Inc., Costa Mesa, CA, USA.
Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|March 27, 2018
Summary
Neuroimaging reveals reduced brain perfusion in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) compared to those in remission. These findings offer potential biomarkers for depression treatment response and dementia risk.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Psychiatry
- Neurology
Background:
- Depression is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
- Limited neuroimaging biomarkers exist to predict depression treatment outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare functional perfusion neuroimaging between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and fully remitted individuals.
- To identify neuroimaging biomarkers for depression treatment response.
Main Methods:
- Utilized perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) on 951 subjects.
- Compared brain SPECT scans of individuals in full remission versus those who worsened.
- Employed voxel-based analysis with statistical parametric mapping (SPM 8).
Main Results:
- Reduced cerebral perfusion observed in individuals with worsening depression compared to full remission.
- Differences noted in bilateral frontal lobes, right hippocampus, left precuneus, and cerebellar vermis.
- Findings consistent across resting and task-based SPECT scans.
Conclusions:
- Identified imaging-based biomarkers associated with depression treatment response.
- These biomarkers may aid in understanding depression prognosis.
- Findings highlight depression's role as a dementia risk factor.
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