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Related Concept Videos

Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Tissue Transplantation01:24

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Orthotopic Left Lung Transplantation in Rats
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How Should Lungs Be Allocated for Transplant?

Thomas M Egan1,2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|March 27, 2018
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Lung allocation scores (LAS) improve organ distribution for lung transplants by prioritizing urgency and benefit, reducing wait times and deaths. The goal is abundant organs, making allocation systems obsolete.

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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Thoracic surgery
  • Organ allocation policy

Background:

  • Lung transplantation is a vital therapy for end-stage lung disease, but donor lung scarcity necessitates effective allocation.
  • Early lung allocation by waiting time and geography led to long waits and increased mortality.
  • Regulatory changes prompted the development of more equitable organ distribution systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical evolution of lung allocation strategies.
  • To analyze the impact and limitations of the Lung Allocation Score (LAS).
  • To propose recommendations for increasing lung availability and optimizing allocation.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of organ allocation policies and regulations.
  • Analysis of the Lung Allocation Score (LAS) implementation and outcomes.
  • Literature review and policy analysis for future recommendations.

Main Results:

  • The Lung Allocation Score (LAS) was developed to prioritize urgency and transplant benefit, replacing waiting time as the primary criterion.
  • The LAS system has been adopted internationally, including by Eurotransplant, Germany, and the Netherlands.
  • Shortcomings of the LAS system necessitate further improvements in lung allocation and organ availability.

Conclusions:

  • The LAS represents a significant advancement in lung allocation, improving equity and outcomes.
  • Addressing LAS shortcomings and increasing donor lung supply are crucial for optimizing lung transplantation.
  • The ultimate aim is to achieve a surplus of donor organs, rendering complex allocation systems unnecessary.