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Continuous glucose monitoring abnormalities in cystic fibrosis youth correlate with pulmonary function decline

Christine L Chan1, Timothy Vigers1, Laura Pyle2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official Journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society
|March 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Youth with cystic fibrosis (CF) show higher glucose levels and variability on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). These glucose patterns correlate with declining lung function, suggesting potential for early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting multiple organs, including the pancreas, leading to potential glucose metabolism disturbances.
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) offers a detailed view of glycemic patterns, crucial for understanding metabolic changes in CF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize glucose patterns in youth with CF using CGM.
  • To assess the relationship between CGM-derived glucose metrics and clinical outcomes like lung function and BMI changes in CF.

Main Methods:

  • 110 youth with CF and healthy controls (HC), aged 10-18 years, underwent CGM for up to 7 days.
  • Correlations were analyzed between CGM data and pulmonary function tests (FEV1%, FVC%) and BMI z-score changes.

Main Results:

  • CF youth with normal glycemic status (CFNG) exhibited higher peak glucose, greater daily glucose excursions, and increased glucose variability (SD, MAGE) compared to HC.
  • No significant differences in hypoglycemia were observed between groups.
  • In CF patients, declines in FEV1% and FVC% correlated with higher maximum glucose, significant daily excursions (>200 mg/dl/day), and increased glucose variability (SD, MAGE).

Conclusions:

  • CF youth, even with normal glycemic status, demonstrate elevated glucose levels and variability via CGM.
  • Increased glucose levels and variability are associated with a decline in lung function in CF.
  • Further research is needed to determine if early treatment of CGM-detected abnormalities can improve lung function in CF.
Abstract

Keywords:
Continuous glucose monitoringCystic fibrosis related diabetesPediatrics

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