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Development of a repeat-exposure penile SHIV infection model in macaques to evaluate biomedical preventions against

David A Garber1, James Mitchell1, Debra Adams1

  • 1Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.

Plos One
|March 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Researchers developed a new rhesus macaque model for studying penile HIV infection. This preclinical model uses repeat simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) exposures to evaluate new HIV prevention methods.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Primatology

Background:

  • Penile HIV infection is a significant factor in the global epidemic.
  • Developing effective HIV prevention strategies requires robust preclinical models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a preclinical rhesus macaque model for penile HIV infection.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of novel HIV prevention modalities using this model.

Main Methods:

  • Rhesus macaques were challenged with simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIVsf162P3) via penile routes.
  • Two routes were used: deposition into the prepuce pouch and direct urethral introduction.
  • Challenges involved repeat exposures at varying doses (4-600 TCID50) until systemic infection.

Main Results:

  • Concurrent challenges via the prepuce pouch (200 TCID50) and urethra (16 TCID50) achieved 100% infection rate (10/10 animals).
  • Infection occurred after a median of 2.5 exposures (range, 1-12).
  • Dose-dependent acquisition rates were observed with single-route challenges.

Conclusions:

  • A novel rhesus macaque model for repeat-exposure SHIV challenge via penile routes was established.
  • This model will advance understanding of penile HIV transmission.
  • The model is crucial for developing and testing new HIV prevention strategies for men.

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