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A collagen coated vascular prosthesis.

S M Scott1, L R Gaddy, R Sahmel

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Asheville, North Carolina.

The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Coated Dacron vascular grafts using bovine collagen proved nonporous and easy to implant in dogs. These grafts remained patent and integrated well, showing no adverse reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Vascular grafts require effective nonporous coatings to prevent bleeding and ensure patency.
  • Current graft preparation methods, such as preclotting, can be time-consuming and may not always be effective.
  • Developing biocompatible coatings that integrate with host tissue is crucial for long-term graft success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and biocompatibility of a collagen-coated Dacron vascular graft for thoracic aorta implantation.
  • To assess the hemostatic properties, ease of implantation, and patency of the novel graft material.
  • To investigate the in vivo degradation and tissue integration of the collagen coating.

Main Methods:

  • A woven, double velour Dacron vascular graft was coated with collagen derived from calf skin.

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  • Grafts were implanted into the thoracic aorta of 24 mongrel dogs.
  • Graft performance, including patency, bleeding, tissue integration, and inflammatory response, was assessed up to 180 days post-implantation.

    • Main Results:

    • The collagen-coated grafts were nonporous, eliminating the need for preclotting and simplifying implantation.
    • Grafts exhibited excellent suturing characteristics and minimal bleeding upon implantation.
    • All explanted grafts were patent and lined with neointima, indicating successful tissue integration.
    • Bovine collagen was resorbed by 90 days, replaced by native tissue, and demonstrated no thrombogenic, antigenic, cytotoxic, or pyrogenic effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Collagen coating renders Dacron vascular grafts nonporous, hemostatic, and easy to implant.
    • The coated grafts promote neointimal formation and integrate effectively with host tissue without adverse immunologic reactions.
    • This collagen-coated Dacron graft represents a promising biomaterial for vascular reconstruction, enhancing surgical outcomes and patient safety.