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Balanced Polymorphisms and the Evolution of Dominance.

Sarah P Otto, Denis Bourguet

    The American Naturalist
    |March 28, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dominance evolves at genetic polymorphisms maintained by overdominance or migration. Heterozygote frequency allows dominance modification, influenced by recombination and migration dynamics in balanced polymorphisms.

    Keywords:
    balanced polymorphismdeleterious mutationsdominance modifiersinsecticide resistancemarginal overdominancevariable environments

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary genetics
    • Population genetics

    Background:

    • Balanced polymorphisms, where heterozygotes are common, allow for the evolution of dominance.
    • Understanding the factors influencing dominance modification is crucial for evolutionary biology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the evolution of dominance at genetic polymorphisms.
    • To analyze how overdominance and migration-selection balance affect dominance evolution.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a two-locus model to study the modification of dominance.
    • Examined the role of recombination and migration in shaping selection pressures.

    Main Results:

    • Selection strength for dominance modifiers is linked to heterozygote frequency and fitness benefits.
    • Recombination and migration introduce complexities not captured by simple proportionality.
    • Dominance evolves more readily in high-selection patches under migration-selection balance.
    • Selection for dominance is similar in source and sink populations despite differing heterozygote frequencies.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of dominance is a likely outcome of polymorphisms maintained by overdominance or migration-selection balance.
    • Genetic associations and population structure significantly impact dominance evolution.