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Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Kinetics of Lagging-strand DNA Synthesis In Vitro by the Bacteriophage T7 Replication Proteins
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Gp2.5, the multifunctional bacteriophage T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein.

Alfredo J Hernandez1, Charles C Richardson1

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|March 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The essential bacteriophage T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein is key to viral DNA metabolism. It regulates replication, repair, and recombination by interacting with other proteins and DNA.

Keywords:
Bacteriophage T7DNA replication annealingHomologousRecombinationSingle-stranded DNA binding protein

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Quantitative PCR of T7 Bacteriophage from Biopanning
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The bacteriophage T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein is crucial for viral DNA metabolism.
  • Its functions are mediated by complex macromolecular interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of the T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein.
  • To understand its interactions with DNA and viral enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the biochemical properties and interactions of the T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein.
  • Analysis of its DNA binding, ssDNA binding, and DNA polymerase/helicase interactions.

Main Results:

  • The T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein binds to ssDNA and regulates DNA polymerase and helicase activities.
  • It exhibits significant homologous DNA annealing activity, crucial for recombination.

Conclusions:

  • The T7 single-stranded DNA binding protein is a central regulator of T7 DNA metabolism.
  • Its interactions are vital for viral replication, recombination, repair, and genome maturation.