Effect of chlorhexidine baths on central-line-associated bloodstream infections in a neonatal intensive care unit in...

Area of Science:

• Neonatal intensive care
• Infection prevention and control
• Public health

Background:

• Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose a significant threat to neonates.
• Central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a major concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
• Developing countries face unique challenges in managing neonatal infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of implementing a chlorhexidine bath protocol on CLABSI rates in a NICU.
• To assess the effectiveness of chlorhexidine baths as a preventive measure against CLABSIs in neonates.
• To provide evidence for infection control strategies in resource-limited settings.

Main Methods:

• A quasi-experimental study design was employed over 62 months (January 2012 to February 2017).
• Data collection occurred in two periods: before and after the introduction of chlorhexidine baths in July 2014.
• CLABSI rates were compared between the two study periods.

Main Results:

• The incidence of CLABSIs per 1000 central-line-days decreased substantially after protocol implementation.
• CLABSI rates dropped from 8.64 before the intervention to 4.28 after the introduction of chlorhexidine baths.
• A statistically significant reduction in CLABSIs was observed.

Conclusions:

• Chlorhexidine baths are an effective intervention for reducing CLABSIs in neonates.
• The implementation of a chlorhexidine bath protocol can significantly improve patient safety in NICUs.
• This strategy is particularly relevant for developing countries seeking to reduce neonatal infection rates.