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A long noncoding RNA promotes cellulase expression in Trichoderma reesei.

Petra Till1,2, Marion E Pucher2, Robert L Mach2

  • 11Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Expression of Carbohydrate-active Enzymes, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Str. 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria.

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Summary

A novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), HAX1, was discovered in Trichoderma reesei, regulating plant biomass degrading enzyme (PBDE) expression. Longer HAX1 variants enhance cellulase activity, offering potential for industrial biotechnology.

Keywords:
CellulasesFilamentous fungiHAX1Hypocrea jecorinaLong noncoding RNATrichoderma reesei

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Trichoderma reesei is industrially significant for secreting plant biomass degrading enzymes (PBDE).
  • PBDE expression in T. reesei is tightly regulated, with transcription factors being the primary known regulators.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known regulators in eukaryotes, but their role in filamentous fungi was undescribed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize lncRNAs in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei.
  • To investigate the regulatory role of a newly identified lncRNA, HAX1, on PBDE expression.
  • To explore the potential of HAX1 as a biotechnological tool for enhancing industrial enzyme production.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of a lncRNA, HAX1, in T. reesei strains (QM9414, QM6a, Rut-C30).
  • Characterization of different HAX1 variants across strains, noting variations in RNA length.
  • Overexpression of HAX1 variants in T. reesei to assess their impact on cellulase activity.

Main Results:

  • A lncRNA, HAX1, was identified and characterized in T. reesei, demonstrating a regulatory role in cellulase expression.
  • Longer HAX1 variants were found in hypercellulolytic strains, correlating RNA length with functional impact.
  • Overexpression of HAX1, particularly longer variants, significantly increased cellulase activity in T. reesei strains.

Conclusions:

  • HAX1 is the first described lncRNA with a regulatory role in filamentous fungi.
  • HAX1 represents a novel factor in the complex regulation of PBDE expression in T. reesei.
  • HAX1's ability to enhance cellulase activity makes it a promising candidate for biotechnological applications.