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Probabilistic Category Learning and Striatal Functional Activation in Psychosis Risk
Nicole R Karcher1,2, Jessica P Y Hua1, John G Kerns1
1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
Schizophrenia Bulletin
|March 29, 2018
Summary
Individuals at psychosis risk show impaired performance and reduced striatal activity on a learning task. This suggests the probabilistic category learning task (PCLT) could serve as a biomarker for psychosis risk.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Psychosis risk is linked to striatal dysfunction.
- Previous studies show impaired performance on the probabilistic category learning task (PCLT) in individuals at risk for psychosis.
- The PCLT is strongly associated with striatal activation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if psychosis risk, based on symptom levels, correlates with behavioral deficits and striatal dysfunction during PCLT performance.
- To examine brain activity in specific striatal regions during the PCLT in individuals at psychosis risk.
Main Methods:
- Two groups participated: psychosis risk (n=21) and comparison (n=20).
- Psychosis risk group had high levels of self-reported psychotic-like experiences and interview-rated attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS).
- Participants completed the PCLT during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning.
Main Results:
- Behavioral deficits on the PCLT were replicated in the psychosis risk group.
- The psychosis risk group showed decreased striatal activation, particularly in the associative striatum.
- Reduced activation was observed in cortical regions connected to the associative striatum, with increased activation in unconnected cortical regions.
Conclusions:
- Psychosis risk is associated with both behavioral and striatal dysfunction during PCLT performance.
- The PCLT, combining behavioral and imaging measures, may serve as a potential biomarker for psychosis risk.
- Findings highlight the role of the striatum and connected cortical regions in psychosis risk.
Keywords:
associative striatumattenuated psychotic symptomsfMRIprobabilistic category learningpsychosis riskstriatumMore Related Videos
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