Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bootstrapping01:24

Bootstrapping

840
The term "bootstrap" originated in the 19th century as a metaphor for self-improvement or achieving something independently, without external assistance. This concept extends to statistical bootstrapping, a self-contained method for estimating population parameters through resampling, even though it can be computationally intensive. Developed by the American statistician Dr. Bradley Efron in 1979, bootstrapping provides a robust way to perform inference when the original sample size is...
840
Impact of Individuals on Individuals01:30

Impact of Individuals on Individuals

403
Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
403
Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter02:57

Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

167.2K
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
167.2K
Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

29.0K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
29.0K
Rates of Change01:20

Rates of Change

134
The rate of change is a central concept in mathematics that quantifies how one variable varies in response to another. It serves as a foundational tool in modeling dynamic systems across disciplines such as physics, biology, economics, and engineering. Understanding both average and instantaneous rates of change enables the analysis of behavior in functions that describe real-world phenomena.Average Rate of ChangeFor a function f(x) defined over an interval [x1,x2], the average rate of change...
134
Work Done During Volume Change01:17

Work Done During Volume Change

5.2K
In mechanics, work is done on an object when the force acting on it displaces the object. In thermodynamics, work done on a system can be estimated when the system's volume changes during any thermodynamic process.
Consider a gas confined to a cylinder fitted with a movable piston at one end. If the gas expands from volume V1 to volume V2, it exerts a force on the piston, such that the piston moves by a distance dr.
The work done by the gas on the piston can be expressed as
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Do all subjects fit the same recognition memory model? Comparisons of continuous, discrete, and hybrid models using extended multinomial processing trees.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Promoting physical activity during retirement age with psychological components: multilevel meta-analysis.

Health psychology review·2025
Same author

Reformulating the meta-analytical random effects model of the standardized mean difference as a mixture model.

Behavior research methods·2025
Same author

Self-awareness interventions after acquired brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rehabilitation psychology·2025
Same author

Moderators analysis in meta-analysis: Meta-regression and subgroups analyzes.

Cirugia espanola·2024
Same author

Moderators analysis in meta-analysis: Meta-regression and subgroups analyzes.

Cirugia espanola·2024
Same journal

Adverse and positive childhood experiences in relation to adolescent mental health: sequential indirect associations.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Personality profiles and usage experience are associated with trust and dependence on generative AI: a latent profile analysis.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Editorial: Promoting replicability: empowering method and applied researchers in driving reliable results.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

The mediating roles of the challenge appraisal in the relationship between the coach-athlete relationship and adolescent athletes' burnout.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Unpacking GenAI-enabled deep learning engagement: role perceptions, human-GenAI synergy strategies, and underlying mechanisms.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Violence exposure and cyberbullying among Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of moral disengagement.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
12:00

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

Published on: January 7, 2022

14.8K

Assessing Individual Change Without Knowing the Test Properties: Item Bootstrapping.

Juan Botella1, Desirée Blázquez1, Manuel Suero1

  • 1Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Psychology
|March 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces item bootstrapping to assess reliable change in test scores without needing known psychometric properties. This method shows similar results to traditional procedures, offering a valuable alternative when test data is limited.

Keywords:
bootstrapindividual changemeta-analysispsychometric propertiesreliable changesignificant change

More Related Videos

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease
09:06

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Published on: June 9, 2018

12.7K
Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
12:00

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

Published on: January 7, 2022

14.8K
Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease
09:06

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease

Published on: June 9, 2018

12.7K
Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Statistical analysis
  • Psychological assessment

Background:

  • Assessing significant change in individuals typically requires comparing test scores from two administrations.
  • Existing methods for determining score reliability often depend on known psychometric properties of tests.
  • These methods may be unusable when test properties are unknown or unreliable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate the 'bootstrap of items' procedure for calculating confidence intervals of individual scores.
  • To assess reliable change without relying on known psychometric properties of a test.
  • To offer an alternative method for score change analysis when traditional procedures are not feasible.

Main Methods:

  • The study introduces the 'bootstrap of items' procedure.
  • This method generates confidence intervals for individual scores using item-level bootstrapping.
  • It was compared against a classical procedure based on confidence intervals for true score estimation.

Main Results:

  • Six databases with group responses to subscales were analyzed.
  • The 'bootstrap of items' procedure yielded rates of significant change very similar to a classical method.
  • This suggests comparable effectiveness in identifying reliable change.

Conclusions:

  • Item bootstrapping is a viable and promising method for assessing reliable change in scores.
  • It provides a valuable alternative when psychometric properties of tests are unknown or untrustworthy.
  • This technique enhances the ability to conduct accurate score change assessments in diverse situations.