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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Redox-Active Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Zhaohui Wang1, Ruijun Pan1, Changqing Ruan2

  • 1Department of Chemistry-ÅngströmThe Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University Box 538SE-751 21 Uppsala Sweden.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel bilayered separator for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This flexible, redox-active separator enhances battery capacity and performance by incorporating a conductive polypyrrole-nanocellulose layer.

Keywords:
capacitycelluloseconducting polymerslithium‐ion batteriesredox‐active separators

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Conventional separators in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are typically insulating and do not contribute to energy storage.
  • Enhancing the electrochemical performance and energy density of LIBs remains a key challenge.
  • Developing functional separators that offer improved safety and additional capacity is desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel bilayered, cellulose-based separator with a redox-active component for LIBs.
  • To investigate the impact of the redox-active separator on the electrochemical performance and capacity of LIBs.
  • To demonstrate the potential of functional separators for next-generation energy storage systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a bilayered separator comprising an insulating nanocellulose layer and a redox-active polypyrrole-nanocellulose layer.
  • Assembly and testing of lithium-ion batteries using the novel separator and a LiFePO4 cathode with a Li metal anode.
  • Evaluation of electrochemical performance, including capacity and stability, through battery cycling tests.
  • Mechanical flexibility and short-circuit testing of the redox-active separator.

Main Results:

  • The developed redox-active separator demonstrated mechanical flexibility and prevented internal short circuits.
  • Replacing a conventional separator with the redox-active separator increased the capacity of a proof-of-concept LIB from 0.16 to 0.276 mA h.
  • The capacity enhancement is attributed to the contribution of the redox-active polypyrrole-nanocellulose layer.
  • The bilayered design effectively provides electrical insulation while adding electrochemical functionality.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, flexible, bilayered cellulose-based separator with a redox-active layer was successfully developed.
  • The redox-active separator significantly enhances the capacity of lithium-ion batteries.
  • This functional separator design offers a promising pathway for developing advanced electrochemical energy storage systems with increased energy density.