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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Material01:20

Genetic Material

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Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
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Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants
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Advances in Materials for Recent Low-Profile Implantable Bioelectronics.

Yanfei Chen1, Yun-Soung Kim2, Bryan W Tillman3,4

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. yanfeichen@pitt.edu.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This review explores electronic materials for implantable bioelectronics, from traditional silicon to advanced biodegradable metals. It highlights the shift towards soft, transient materials for improved biocompatibility and functionality in health monitoring.

Keywords:
biodegradable materialsimplantable materialslow-profile bioelectronicsmedical devicesmicro/nanofabricationminiaturization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Micro/nanofabrication advances enable bioelectronics for health monitoring and diagnostics.
  • Traditional silicon-based materials in medical devices face challenges due to property mismatch with soft human tissues.
  • Recent trends focus on soft polymers and transient biodegradable materials for implantable systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review widely used electronic materials in low-profile implantable bioelectronic systems.
  • To discuss the evolution of materials from traditional to advanced biodegradable options.
  • To introduce new bioelectronics based on bioresorbable materials with multiple functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of electronic materials in implantable bioelectronics.
  • Analysis of material properties (metals, semiconductors, polymers, organic, biodegradable).
  • Discussion of fabrication technologies and integration challenges.

Main Results:

  • Silicon-based materials are established but rigid, causing tissue incompatibility.
  • Polymeric materials offer hybrid integration for soft bioelectronics.
  • Biodegradable metals represent a key trend, offering electrical properties and natural dissolution.

Conclusions:

  • The development of implantable bioelectronics is driven by material innovation.
  • Soft and transient materials are crucial for overcoming tissue incompatibility.
  • Bioresorbable materials offer promising avenues for advanced, multi-functional implantable devices.