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Smart Garment Fabrics to Enable Non-Contact Opto-Physiological Monitoring.

Dmitry Iakovlev1, Sijung Hu2, Harnani Hassan3

  • 1Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK. D.Iakovlev@lboro.ac.uk.

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|March 30, 2018
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Summary

Smart garment fabrics with integrated LEDs can capture physiological signs using imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG). This non-contact method achieves 90% accuracy for heart rate detection, paving the way for advanced wearable health monitoring.

Keywords:
heart rate measurementimaging photoplethysmography (iPPG)light emitting diode (LED)motion artefactssignal processingsmart garment fabric

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Wearable Technology
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG) assesses microcirculation and cardiovascular signs via optical sensors.
  • Current iPPG methods often rely on high-power illumination sources.
  • Smart textiles offer potential for novel non-contact physiological monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of smart garment fabrics in capturing physiological signs non-contact.
  • To develop an iPPG system using integrated LEDs within fabric.
  • To assess the feasibility of dual-wavelength iPPG through smart textiles.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated surface-mounted LEDs (green and red, 525/660 nm) into cotton fabric for localized illumination.
  • Utilized a dual-wavelength iPPG setup to capture backscattered light from palm skin.
  • Transmitted backscattered light through the fabric to a remote image sensor.
  • Compared iPPG-derived heart rate (HR) against a contact PPG probe.

Main Results:

  • Heart rate (HR) was accurately extracted using both green and red LED illuminations, achieving 90% accuracy versus a contact PPG probe.
  • Stretching the smart fabric enhanced the pulsatile amplitude of iPPG signals.
  • Fabric-induced skin compression potentially improved light penetration into microvascular beds.

Conclusions:

  • Functional garment fabrics with integrated LEDs offer a viable approach for non-contact opto-physiological monitoring.
  • Dual-wavelength iPPG via smart textiles demonstrates high accuracy for heart rate assessment.
  • The technology holds promise for advancing wearable health monitoring solutions.