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Maternal Asthma Is an Independent Risk Factor for Long-Term Respiratory Morbidity of the Offspring
E Spiegel1, I Shoham-Vardi2, A Goldbart3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Insights
Maternal bronchial asthma significantly increases offspring
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Maternal bronchial asthma prevalence and its impact on offspring respiratory health require further investigation.
- Understanding this association is crucial for early intervention and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if maternal bronchial asthma is a risk factor for long-term respiratory morbidity in offspring.
- To quantify the association between maternal asthma and pediatric respiratory diseases.
Main Methods:
- Population-based cohort study including over 250,000 deliveries.
- Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression were used.
- Exclusion of congenital malformations and multiple pregnancies.
Main Results:
- Offspring of mothers with asthma showed a significantly higher rate of long-term respiratory morbidity (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.3-1.7).
- Childhood asthma incidence was notably higher in offspring exposed to maternal asthma (adjusted OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.9-3.1).
- Maternal asthma identified as an independent risk factor for offspring's respiratory diseases (adjusted OR=1.6, 95% CI=1.4-1.9).
Conclusions:
- Maternal bronchial asthma is an independent risk factor for long-term respiratory morbidity in children.
- This highlights the importance of managing maternal asthma during pregnancy for offspring's respiratory well-being.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal bronchial asthma increases the risk for long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring.
Study Design:
A population-based cohort study compared the incidence of long-term pediatric hospitalizations due to respiratory disease of the offspring of mothers with and without bronchial asthma. Deliveries occurred between the years 1991 and 2014 in a tertiary medical center. Congenital malformations as well as multiple pregnancies were excluded. Kaplan-Meier's survival curve was used to estimate cumulative incidence of respiratory morbidity. A multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression model analysis was used to control for confounders.
Results:
During the study period, 253,808 deliveries met the inclusion criteria; of which 1.3% were born to mothers with bronchial asthma (n = 3,411). During the follow-up period, children born to women with bronchial asthma had a significantly higher rate of long-term respiratory morbidity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-1.7; p < 0.001). Specifically, the rate of childhood asthma was higher among offspring of mothers with asthma (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.8-2.9; p < 0.001). Children born to women with asthma had higher cumulative incidence of respiratory morbidity, using a Kaplan-Meier's survival curve (log-rank test; p < 0.001). Using two multivariable GEE logistic regression models, controlling for the time to event, maternal age, and gestational age at delivery, maternal bronchial asthma was found to be an independent risk factor for long-term respiratory disease of the offspring (adjusted OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.4-1.9; p < 0.001), and specifically for bronchial asthma (adjusted OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.9-3.1; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Maternal bronchial asthma is an independent risk factor for long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring.
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