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Published on: December 14, 2012
Glycine Is a Predictor for a Suppressive Effect of Fucoxanthinol on Colonosphere Formation Under Hypoxia
Masaru Terasaki1,2, Yuki Ogawa3, Tetsuya Endo3
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan terasaki@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp.
Background/Aim:
Fucoxanthinol (FxOH), a metabolite of fucoxanthin, is known to inhibit tumorigenicity of human colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) and their sphere formation. Hypoxic conditions and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential to maintain the stemness of CCSCs. We investigated effects of FxOH on sphere formation, intercellular energy metabolites in colonospheres formed from human colorectal HT-29 cells under hypoxic conditions.
Results:
FxOH at 50 μM suppressed HIF1α expression and activation of integrin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wingless/integrated (WNT) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signals. Moreover, expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition- and apoptosis-related proteins in the colonospheres was lowered by FxOH. The level of glycine was reduced in hypoxic colonospheres under FxOH treatment.
Conclusion:
FxOH attenuated the sphere formation of hypoxic colonospheres, in part, by suppressing HIF1α expression. Glycine could be a potential predictor for the activity of agents that inhibit sphere formation by hypoxic colonospheres.
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