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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
Published on: May 25, 2020
Association of Well-Being Index and Cognitive Impairment with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients of Malaysia: A
Soumendra Sahoo1, Thanigasalam Thevi2, Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe1
1Melaka Manipal Medical College-Community Medicine, Jalan Batu Hampar Bukit Baru, 75150 Melaka, Malaysia.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the association of well-being and cognitive impairment with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia. Fifty-four individuals were recruited for study as cases were matched with 60 individuals as the control subjects, and data were collected using the WHO well-being index and the validated 6-item cognitive impairment test dementia test. The results showed that there was no significant association between gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and POAG. Patients with POAG had significantly lower well-being index scores (mean 67.93) than the control group (mean 81.60) with P-value < 0.001. Similarly, patients with POAG had a significantly higher score of cognitive impairment (CIT test) (mean 6.15) compared to the control group (mean 0.40) with P-value < 0.001. Consequently, POAG is likely to be associated with higher cognitive impairment and lower well-being index.
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