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Corneal Innervation and Sensation: The Eye and Beyond
Alina Y Yang1, Jessica Chow1, Ji Liu1
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
|March 31, 2018
Summary
Corneal nerves are vital for eye health, influencing sensation and tear production. Damage to these nerves can impair vision, highlighting the need for advanced diagnostic tools.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
Background:
- The cornea is densely innervated and crucial for ocular surface integrity.
- Corneal nerves regulate sensation, tear production, blinking, and trophic factor release.
- Damage to corneal nerves can lead to vision impairment and blindness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review tools for assessing corneal innervation and sensation.
- To highlight changes in corneal nerves in various ocular and systemic conditions.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of understanding corneal innervation.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on corneal innervation and sensation.
- Emphasis on diagnostic tools for evaluating corneal nerves.
- Analysis of changes in corneal innervation across different disease states.
Main Results:
- Commonly used tools provide insights into corneal architecture and sensation.
- Significant changes in corneal innervation are observed in herpes zoster ophthalmicus, post-ocular procedures, antiglaucoma therapy, aging, and diabetes.
- Corneal nerve assessment aids in understanding disease progression and treatment effects.
Conclusions:
- Advanced tools enhance the study of corneal innervation and sensation.
- Understanding corneal nerve alterations is critical for managing ocular and systemic diseases.
- Corneal innervation research offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies beyond ophthalmology.
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