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Peripheral Dopamine in Restless Legs Syndrome.

Ulrike H Mitchell1, J Daniel Obray2, Erik Hunsaker1

  • 1Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States.

Frontiers in Neurology
|March 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) involves dopamine dysregulation. This study found reduced dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) on white blood cells in RLS patients, suggesting a potential biomarker for this neurological disorder.

Keywords:
D2 receptorsDAWillis–Ekbom diseaselymphocytesmonocyteswhite blood cells

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder linked to dopamine.
  • Characterized by an irresistible urge to move, RLS impacts patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate blood levels of dopamine and catecholamines in RLS patients.
  • To evaluate dopamine D2-subtype receptors (D2Rs) expression in white blood cells (WBCs) of RLS subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Dopamine and catecholamine levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography.
  • D2R expression on WBCs was quantified via fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunocytochemistry.
  • Comparisons were made between unmedicated RLS, medicated RLS, and control groups.

Main Results:

  • Medicated RLS patients showed significantly higher plasma dopamine levels than unmedicated RLS patients and controls.
  • Lymphocytes and monocytes exhibited differential D2R expression across the groups.
  • Total D2R expression in lymphocytes, but not monocytes, varied between controls and RLS subjects.

Conclusions:

  • White blood cell D2R downregulation is observed in RLS and is not restored by medication.
  • Monocyte D2R insensitivity and downregulation may serve as a biomarker for RLS and brain dopamine homeostasis.