Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

5.2K
The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
5.2K
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

4.9K
Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
4.9K
Infection01:20

Infection

12.8K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
12.8K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

65.5K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
65.5K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

3.5K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
3.5K
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

9.8K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
9.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Treatment Response and Prognosis of Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System: A Real-World Observation.

CNS neuroscience & therapeutics·2026
Same author

Aging-dependent microglial heterogeneity worsens outcomes in models of traumatic brain injury.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

TIA: transient brain ischemia but persistent damage.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026
Same author

Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Versus Inebilizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Dual-Center, Real-World Cohort Study.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Thymectomy with or without maintenance therapy for myasthenia gravis patients: a tri-center, real-world study.

Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders·2026
Same author

Complement Inhibition for Acute Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Attacks: Insights From an International Case Series.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

10.6K

Stroke-induced immunosuppression and poststroke infection.

Kaibin Shi1,2, Kristofer Wood2, Fu-Dong Shi1,2

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Stroke and Vascular Neurology
|March 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Post-stroke infections worsen patient outcomes, and current management is limited. Understanding stroke-induced immune suppression is key to developing new preventive strategies against infection after stroke.

Keywords:
infectionpost-stroke immunosuppressionstroke

More Related Videos

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

17.5K
Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis
06:07

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis

Published on: May 6, 2021

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

10.6K
Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

17.5K
Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis
06:07

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis

Published on: May 6, 2021

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infections are common after stroke, leading to poor functional outcomes.
  • Effective management strategies for post-stroke infections are lacking.
  • There is an urgent need for preventive anti-infection therapies for stroke patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on post-stroke infections.
  • To summarize strategies for preventing infections after stroke.
  • To explore the role of stroke-induced immunosuppression in infection susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on post-stroke infections.
  • Analysis of existing prophylactic antibiotic approaches.
  • Examination of the immunological mechanisms underlying stroke-induced immunosuppression.

Main Results:

  • Stroke impairs systemic immune responses, increasing infection risk.
  • Prophylactic antibiotics have been explored but require further evaluation.
  • Understanding immune system modifications is crucial for combating post-stroke infections.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating stroke's immune mechanisms is essential for developing targeted treatments.
  • Modifying the immune system offers a promising avenue for preventing post-stroke infections.
  • New therapeutic strategies are needed to improve outcomes for stroke patients susceptible to infection.