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Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid microbiota dysbiosis in infants with protracted bacterial bronchitis

Yanmin Bao1, Yinhu Li2, Chuangzhao Qiu2

  • 1Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518026, China.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|March 31, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Infants with protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) exhibit altered lung microbiota diversity and composition compared to those with tracheomalacia. This finding offers insights into PBB

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Microbiome Research
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is a chronic condition in infants causing recurrent coughing and wheezing.
  • While common PBB pathogens are known, their effect on lung microbiota dysbiosis is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the lung microbiota composition and diversity in infants with PBB versus those with tracheomalacia (TM).
  • To explore the co-occurrence network of bacteria within the lung environment of these infant groups.

Main Methods:

  • Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected from infants under 3 years old diagnosed with PBB or TM.
  • 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on 12 samples from each group to analyze bacterial composition.
  • Microbiota diversity, abundance, and co-occurrence networks were statistically compared between the PBB and TM groups.

Main Results:

  • Microbiota diversity was significantly reduced in the PBB group compared to the TM group (lower Shannon and Simpson indexes).
  • PBB infants showed an increased abundance of bacteria such as *Haemophilus* and *Bacteroides*, while *Lactococcus* and *Lactobacillus* populations were decreased.
  • The bacterial co-occurrence network in PBB patients differed from TM patients, with *Haemophilus*, *Parabacteroides*, *Porphyromonas*, and *Cronobacter* identified as core nodes.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with PBB have distinct lung bacterial genera and co-occurrence patterns compared to infants with TM.
  • These findings enhance the understanding of PBB pathogenesis.
  • The study provides a basis for developing targeted bacterial adjunctive therapies for infantile PBB.
Keywords:
Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB)bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)co-occurrence networklung microbiotatracheomalacia (TM)

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